With regard to breast cancer age at diagnosis, GSEA indicated that estrogen/ER-repressed genes were positively correlated whereas estrogen/ER-stimulated genes were negatively correlated with older age at diagnosis (nominal P < 0.05), a finding consistent with the previously reported loss of estrogen-induced gene expression in ER-positive breast cancers arising later in life [29]. Here, ESR1 is linked to breast carcinoma.