Significantly elevated levels of Th1 CC chemokines, MIP-1α and MIP-1β (Figure 2D, P<0.01 and P<0.001 respectively), and Th2 chemokines, MCP-1 and Eotaxin (Figure 2D, P<0.01) were found for the TS cases compared with controls. This evidence concerns the gene CCL2 and Timothy syndrome.