Many experimental studies (Pour and Stepan, 1984; Pour et al, 1990; Schneider et al, 2001; Wang et al, 2003; Hennig et al, 2004) and observational studies (Everhart and Wright, 1995; Gapstur et al, 2000; Huxley et al, 2005; Stolzenberg-Solomon et al, 2005) support the biological plausibility of higher insulin concentrations and insulin resistance in promoting pancreatic cancer development. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is pancreatic neoplasm.