BRCA2 and breast cancer: Several tools have been developed to help clinicians in predicting the probability of carrying a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation based on the familial history of breast and/or ovarian cancer and all tools have been based on populations where the age-standardised rate for breast cancer has been significantly higher than that reported in Malaysia (80 to 100 per 100,000 compared with 30 to 50 per 100,000 in Malaysia).