Theexpression of CD163 is upregulated by interleukin-6 and glucocorticoidstogether with interleukin-10, and downregulated by LPS and interferon-γ [18].Although the absolute value of median expression of CD163 was much lower onneutrophils than on monocytes in our patients with sepsis, the expression ofCD163 on both types of cells could differentiate between patients with SIRSwith sepsis and noninfectious SIRS in our study. The gene discussed is CD163; the disease is systemic inflammatory response syndrome.