Recently, fusion of the prostate-specific androgen-regulated TMPRSS2 gene to the ETS family transcription factor gene ERG was reported as a common event in prostate cancer (Tomlins et al, 2005, 2006; Clark et al, 2006; Iljin et al, 2006; Perner et al, 2006; Soller et al, 2006; Wang et al, 2006a; Yoshimoto et al, 2006; Hermans et al, 2006). This evidence concerns the gene TMPRSS2 and prostate cancer.