Most importantly, chemokine genes e.g., Cxcl9, Cxcl10, Cxcl11, Cxcl13, Ccl3, Ccl5 and Ccl12 that exert a chemotactic signal for the immune cell migration to the site of the injury were upregulated at 72 and 96 hr post infection. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL11 and infection.