The association between renal RI levels and all of the above markers of diastolic dysfunction remained significant (all p <0.001) after correcting for multiple clinical and biochemical variables including age, duration of diabetes, BMI, blood pressure, albumin excretion rate, iGFR levels, use of blockers of the renin-angiotensin system, as well as adjusting for parameters of systolic function. Here, REN is linked to diabetes mellitus.