In this setting it is interesting to note that concomitant overexpression of both BMPs and BMP antagonists, such as the concomitant overexpression of BMP2 and NOG observed in 1p19q codeleted gliomas in our study, has been demonstrated in white matter progenitor cells, which can give rise to both oligodendrocytes and neurons [42]. The gene discussed is CLN5; the disease is glioma.