KLK3 and prostate carcinoma: The European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines recommend a series of initial evaluations for men with LUTS suggestive of bladder obstruction; these include taking a clinical history, using a validated questionnaire to assess symptoms, conducting a physical examination, creatinine measurement, urinalysis, flow rates, postvoid residual (PVR) volume and serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) measurement (particularly when a diagnosis of prostatic carcinoma would affect the decision about which therapeutic option to use) (4).