Indeed, a number of genes regulated in this array were previously found to be associated with pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia (MR [28], CCL2 [28], IGF-1 [46], secreted phosphoprotein (SPP)-1 [59], MMP-9 [60]), preterm labour (CCL18 [38]) and intrauterine growth restriction (IGF-1 [46]). Here, MMP9 is linked to preeclampsia.