VEGFA and central nervous system cancer: O'Leary et al (1999) have described an antiangiogenic effect of CPT-11 in a single experimental setting (using a cornea model of angiogenesis), whereas Kamiyama et al (2005) reported that SN-38, at cytotoxic standard doses, inhibited both endothelial cell proliferation and tube formation, decreasing HIF-1α and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene expression in glioma cells under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions.