3). The allele frequency of the SOD2 polymorphisms was significantly different in healthy persons compared to T1DM and T2DM patients (T allele (Val): 0.54 (controls) vs. 0.81 (T1) or 0.85 (T2), p < 0.05 and C allele (Ala): 0.46 (controls) vs. 0.19 (T1) or 0.15 (T2), p < 0.05 (Fig. 1). In all groups of diabetic patients SOD activity was the highest in the CC genotype (Ala/Ala) and the lowest in the TT genotype (Val/Val) (Tab. 3). The gene discussed is SOD1; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.