Investigators from the STOP-NIDDM trial wereinterested in whether PPARA polymorphisms would be associated with the conversion to type 2 DM in responseto acarbose in patients with impaired glucose tolerance [72, 73].They investigated this association with 11 SNPs located from exon 1 toexon 8 of PPARA and found that in theacarbose-treated group, PPARA IVS7 2498 (designated “rs4253778” in the publication) CChomozygotes had a 2.7-fold risk of developing type 2 DM (95% CI 1.14–6.79; P = .03) [74]. Here, PPARA is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.