PPARD and breast carcinoma: The indirect effects were mainly mediated through proteins involved in lipid metabolism, such as ADFP [31], phospholipid transfer protein [32], and angiopoietin-like protein 4 [33], where the strongest one was the indirect effect of PPARD mediated by ADFP. A major role of the PPAR proteins in the development of aggressive breast cancers is, therefore, probably to deregulate lipid metabolism through interactions with these proteins.