The antitumour activity of lapatinib in a PTEN-independent manner may be of particular importance for endometrial cancer as PTEN deficiency is the most common genetic defect in endometrioid carcinoma and is seen in up to 83% of tumours that are preceded by a histologically discrete premalignant phase (Hecht and Mutter, 2006). The gene discussed is PTEN; the disease is neoplasm.