We have previously demonstrated elevated expression and signaling of COX-2 and FP receptor in human endometrial adenocarcinomas and have ascertained a role for PGF2α–FP receptor interaction in enhancing the proliferation of endometrial epithelial cells (Jabbour and Sales, 2004; Jabbour et al., 2005; Sales et al., 2004b) and promoting the expression of pro-angiogenic and inflammatory genes in endometrial adenocarcinoma cells and adenocarcinoma biopsy explants via activation of ERK1/2 (Jabbour et al., 2005; Sales et al., 2005, 2007). This evidence concerns the gene MAPK3 and endometrium adenocarcinoma.