PTGS2 and neoplasm: The augmented biosynthesis of prostaglandins produced as a consequence of elevated COX-2 expression has been shown to promote tumorigenesis (Watanabe et al., 2000; Sonoshita et al., 2001; Seno et al., 2002) by interacting with specific prostaglandin receptors, which are also overexpressed in the same tumours.