Studies by Pore et al., report that in response to hypoxia, NFV induces HIF-1α, decreases VEGF and inhibits angiogenesis in glioblastoma cells via the AKT pathway, but has no effect on normal astrocytes [31] showing that the effects of NFV are dependent on cell type and on other factors such as oxygenation levels. Here, AKT1 is linked to glioblastoma.