Although there was no significant difference in the survival rates between the saline (63%, 10 out of 16) and G-CSF (79%, 11 out of 14) groups 4 weeks after MI, echocardiography and cardiac catheterization showed severe left ventricular remodelling with marked enlargement of the left ventricular cavity and signs of diminished function in the control mice. The gene discussed is CSF3; the disease is myocardial infarction.