One of the physiologic systems that appears to have evolved tosustain this metabolic regulation is mediated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs).In clinical pregnancy-specific disorders, including preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and intrauterine growth restriction, aberrant regulation of components of the PPAR system parallels dysregulation of metabolism, inflammation and angiogenesis. The gene discussed is PPARA; the disease is fetal growth restriction.