Atrociously amplified SIRS is a hallmark forSAP with elevated circulating proinflammatory cytokines including tumornecrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1.TNF-α is the most prominent “first-line”cytokine in SIRS and plays a central role inthe pathogenesis of AP and related systemiccomplications [18]. Here, TNF is linked to alkaline phosphatase measurement.