PIGG and congestive heart failure: Univariate analysis of LTCF case-patients showed that those with CHF had significantly higher CFR (42% with CHF died vs. 27% without CHF, p<0.01) as did those with infections caused by emm1 (51% vs. 28%, p<0.01) or emm3 (45% vs. 30%, p<0.05) when compared to other emm types.