We can conclude that euthyroid sick syndrome occurs in many patients with a wide range of non-thyroidal illnesses in association with an appreciable perturbation in IL-6 as well as IL-10 and that its pathogenesis might be regulated by IL-6 with possible involvement of some other, yet unrecognized, key players in some specific forms of NTI as chronic renal insufficiency. The gene discussed is IL10; the disease is euthyroid sick syndrome.