Following transfection of a wild-type CXCL16 expression plasmid (or empty vector) into SKRC39 (an RCC cell line, which is heavily methylated at the CXCL16 promoter), there was a significantly reduced number of G418 resistant colonies (mean 40.1%, t=4.16 P=0.014) compared to SKRC39 cells transfected with an empty vector control in three independent experiments (Figure 2). This evidence concerns the gene CXCL16 and renal cell carcinoma.