There was also a significant association of tear and serum immunoreactivity to rCtHsp60, rCpsHsp60 and the three combined recombinant Chlamydiaceae Hsp60 for individuals infected with C. trachomatis, C. psittaci, and all infections, respectively, comparing those with scarring and/or trichiasis to those with no evidence of trachoma (Table 5). This evidence concerns the gene HSPD1 and infection.