AOEs such as manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), glutathione associated enzymes (GLCL-C and GLCL-R) and thioredoxin-thioredoxin reductase (Trx, TrxR) have been shown to correlate with tumor grade, metastasis and poor prognosis in invasive carcinomas such as lung and gastrointestinal malignancies and we have earlier studied them in oligodendroglial brain tumors [7-10]. The gene discussed is TXN; the disease is invasive carcinoma.