Moreover, immune cells are thought to play important roles both in HD-induced skin inflammation and in postexposure wound healing through the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (such as Il-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and GM-CSF) within the first hour after exposure and proceeding through vesication and blister formation.64 Leukocyte infiltration always starts shortly after HD treatment in mice, rabbits, or guinea pigs. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and Huntington disease.