PRKN and Parkinson disease: Indeed, numerous reported substrates of parkin, including CDCrel (cell division control-related protein) 1 and 2a [47], Pael-R (parkin-associated endothelin-like receptor) [48], cyclin E [49], p38 (JTV-1/AIMP2) [50] and FBP1 (far upstream sequence element-binding protein 1) [51], accumulate in the brains of PD patients carrying parkin mutations.