Although TAF5L (C744A; rs3753886), PDCD1 (7146G>A; rs11568821), TCF7 (C883A; rs5742913) and IL6 (IL6-174G>C; rs1800795) have previously been associated with type 1 diabetes, the possibility remains that these associations are false positives. The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.