In our study, the increase in the weight of the ITGA4–TGFB1 interaction and the decrease in weight of the JAG1–TNF, TGFB1–GATA3, IL10–CD28, TGFB1–ITGB7, ITGA4–ITGB7 and IL10–ITGA4 interactions in patients treated with IFN-beta when compared with untreated MS patients and HC, suggest a direct influence of IFN-ß on these pathways. Here, TNF is linked to myeloid sarcoma.