CCL4 and neoplasm: Since the CC-chemokines MCP-1 (CCL2), MIP-1α, (CCL3), MIP-1β (CCL4), and RANTES (CCL5), as well as the CXC chemokine IP-10 (CXCL10), and MIG (CXCL9) were found to be associated with a type-1 T cell response [9-11], we posited that there may be a link between expression of these chemokines, macrophage infiltration of tumor metastases and therapeutic efficacy.