TLR4 and necrotizing enterocolitis: We specifically evaluated intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) expression of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR-2), TLR-4, NOD2 and phosphorylated NF-κB (pNF-κB) after mucosal injury in a rat model of NEC induced by prematurity, systemic hypoxia, and a rich protein formula.