Notably, studies of biopsies from bladder cancer (Gazzaniga et al, 2003), lung cancer (Hariu et al, 2005), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (Xiang et al, 2006), malignant pleural mesothelioma (Gordon et al, 2007), and pancreatic cancer (Lopes et al, 2007) reported that Livin is typically expressed in the tumour samples, but not in the corresponding normal tissues. Here, BIRC7 is linked to urinary bladder carcinoma.