The identified sarcomeric proteins involved in DCM include α-cardiac actin, encoded by ACTC [4], cysteine-rich protein 3 (CSRP3) [5], LIM-domain binding factor 3 (LDB3, also known as Cypher or ZASP) [6], myosin heavy polypeptide 7 (MYH7) [7], titin cap (TCAP) [8], α-tropomyosin (TPM1), troponin I (TNNI3) [9], troponin T (TNNT2) [7], titin (TTN) [10] and vinculin (VCL) [11]. Here, VCL is linked to familial dilated cardiomyopathy.