For example, an autocrine function of VEGF-A has been demonstrated for the following: growth and migration of leukaemia cells (Dias et al, 2000), proliferation of Kaposi's sarcoma, melanoma, and ovarian carcinoma cell lines (Masood et al, 2001), proliferation of interleukin 6-treated prostate cancer cells (Steiner et al, 2004), growth of a human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line MGC803 (Tian et al, 2001), and of malignant pleural mesothelioma (Strizzi et al, 2001). Here, VEGFA is linked to prostate carcinoma.