The fact that we observed at the RNA level a clear upregulation of C4.4A expression at the tumour boundary and in metastatic tissue of malignant melanoma (Seiter et al, 2001) rather argues for C4.4A expression levels to be regulated also in tumour tissue, which possibly becomes hidden by modifications of the molecule that prevent recognition by the available antibodies. Here, LYPD3 is linked to neoplasm.