CXCR4 and breast carcinoma: Muller et al (2001) employed antibodies against CXCR4 in a model of breast cancer metastasis over 28 days, which dramatically reduced the incidence of lung metastases by 67%. A number of studies have investigated the knock down of CXCR4 using siRNA in breast cancer models. Liang et al (2005) demonstrated a significant decrease in the number of metastases in SCID mice inoculated with MDA-MB 231 cells transfected with CXCR4 siRNA compared to controls.