The ability of 14-3-3 proteins to bind and regulate various oncogenic gene products as well as various tumor suppressor gene products points to a potential role in cancer As such 14-3-3 has been shown to inhibit TSC1/TSC2 complex functions and overexpression of either TSC1 or TSC2 in Hela cells has been reported to increase the expression of various 14-3-3 isoforms [53] suggesting that deregulated expression of 14-3-3 and TSC can be associated with leiomyoma pathogenesis. Here, YWHAQ is linked to leiomyoma.