Although early reports pointed at a lower BRAF mutation frequency in Chernobyl patients, recent evidence suggests that the BRAF mutation is associated with age and is more prevalent among older Chernobyl patients and/or among patients with longer latency tumours (Kumagai et al, 2004; Lima et al, 2004; Powell et al, 2005; Rosenbaum et al, 2005). The gene discussed is BRAF; the disease is neoplasm.