Numerous publications discuss anti-fibrotic therapeutic strategies by inhibition of TGF-β [9,67,136-138], but the systemic application of inhibitors and consequently an overall and ubiquitous reduction of TGF-β activity will most likely have severe side effects, i.e., on tumor development and progression, auto-immunopathy and degenerative diseases [139]. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and neurodegenerative disease.