NFKB1 and diabetes mellitus: Although the exactsignaling steps to retinal capillary cells apoptosis in diabeticretinopathy remain unclear, the results have pointed to theinvolvement of oxidative stress-activated caspases and NF-kB inretinal cell death [19, 20], and inhibition of superoxide accumulation in diabetes prevents apoptosis of retinal capillary cells [36, 82, 83].