Our previous studies have shown that the RNA level of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) specific for astrocytes, increases with the progression of hydrocephalus in both a congenital model of rodent hydrocephalus (H-Tx rat) and a kaolin model of induced hydrocephalus in kittens [20]. The gene discussed is GFAP; the disease is Hydrocephalus.