A study of 69 pancreatic cancer cases from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk reported a nonsignificant increase in the risk of death from pancreatic cancer in the top vs the bottom quartile of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 (RR 2.31, 95% CI 0.70–7.64, and RR 2.53, 95% CI 0.93–6.85, respectively), which was attenuated when both plasma biomarkers were included in multivariate models (Lin et al, 2004). This evidence concerns the gene IGFBP3 and familial pancreatic carcinoma.