Diminished expression of NCAM was also associated with clinically aggressive colon cancers (Sampson-Johannes et al, 1996; Roesler et al, 1997; Huerta et al, 2001), and dissemination of pancreatic β-tumour cells (Perl et al, 1999; Cavallaro et al, 2001). This evidence concerns the gene NCAM1 and neoplasm.