TGFA and kidney neoplasm: In renal tumour tissues, there was a significant overexpression of VEGF (P<0.001), VEGF-B (P=0.004), VEGF-C (P=0.032), PLGF (P<0.001), ANG2 (P<0.001), PDGFB1 (P=0.009) and TGF-α (P<0.001) compared to normal renal tissue (Table 3).