The patients with the lowest basal expression of these genes had the lowest fold change in response to IFN-α; e.g., melanoma patients #2 and #11 are two of the lowest-ranking in basal expression of STAT1, IFIT1, IFI44, and MX2 and showed the lowest fold changes for these genes, and the lowest response to IFN-α in the Phosflow assay out of the group of patients with melanoma, further indicating that some of these patients are IFN-low-responders. Here, IFNA2 is linked to melanoma.