However, some authors report on TGF-β1-stimulated migration and invasion of glioma cells (Merzak et al, 1994; Platten et al, 2000), and marked inhibition of glioma invasion modulated by TGF-β1-specific antisense oligonucleotides (Paulus et al, 1995) and by RNA interference targeting both TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 was reported (Friese et al, 2004). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is glioma.