Erythropoietin and erythropoietin receptor (Epo-R) are expressed in a number of cancers and are involved in breast (Acs et al, 2002), endometrial (Acs et al, 2004), melanoma (Kumar et al, 2005) and prostate (Feldman et al, 2006) tumorigenesis. The gene discussed is EPOR; the disease is cancer.