In prostate cancer cells, it has been shown that cyclin D1 induction is insufficient to drive androgen-independent proliferation (Knudsen et al, 1998; Fribourg et al, 2000), and forced elevation of cyclin D1 in the presence of androgen suppresses rather than promotes cellular proliferation (Petre-Draviam et al, 2003). The gene discussed is CCND1; the disease is prostate carcinoma.