VEGFC and neoplasm: Consistent with the findings of others (Nakamura et al, 2003a; Jennbacken et al, 2005), positive staining with VEGF-C and -D was observed in the normal mammary epithelial cells, tumour-associated macrophages, stromal cells and ECs (Figure 1C)Vascular endothelial cell growth factor-D showed positive staining in the vascular smooth muscle fibres.